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De huidige kaders zijn onvoldoende toepasbaar op de nieuwste technologische ontwikkelingen, zoals kunstmatige intelligentie. Dat blijkt uit onderzoek van het Rathenau Instituut.\u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>\u003Cstrong> \u003C\u002Fstrong>\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>De activiteiten van universiteiten en onderzoeksinstituten raken steeds vaker aan defensie- en veiligheidsvraagstukken. Overheden en kennisinstellingen moeten zich daarom herbezinnen op de manier waarop zij kennis opdoen en ontwikkelen. Het Rathenau Instituut onderzocht hoe de kennisontwikkeling voor defensie en veiligheid vanaf de Tweede Wereldoorlog tot nu is ingericht, en welke afwegingskaders en procedures hiervoor zijn ontwikkeld.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Het onderzoek laat zien dat met name digitalisering momenteel een bepalende technologische ontwikkeling is. Niet alleen heeft nieuwe kennis rondom kunstmatige intelligentie en robotica ook militaire toepassingen. Digitalisering brengt daarnaast een breed spectrum aan nieuwe dreigingen en kwetsbaarheden met zich mee, van cyberspionage en desinformatie tot sabotage van vitale infrastructuren.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Universiteiten en onderzoeksinstituten hebben afwegingskaders om onderzoek te doen van mogelijk militair belang. Die gaan hoofdzakelijk over biologische, chemische, radiologische en nucleaire kennis en technologie. Voor kennisontwikkeling op het gebied van digitalisering voldoen die kaders niet.\u003C\u002Fp>\n\u003Cp>Melanie Peters, directeur van het Rathenau Instituut: ‘De uitdaging is nu om nieuwe procedures te ontwikkelen die publieke kennisinstellingen helpen om op een verantwoorde manier activiteiten te ontplooien die mogelijk militaire betekenis hebben. 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